4.6. Example Problems Using Initial State

This section provides examples of typical initial state problems, as follows:

4.6.1. Example: Initial Stress Problem Using the IST File

The following example initial stress problem shows how to define an initial stress file and use the INISTATE,READ command to read the data into your analysis.

The following file contains the initial stresses to be read into ANSYS. Each element has eight integration points in the domain of the element.

/CSYS,0
! ELEM ID   ELEM INTG   LAY/CELL   SECT INTG    SX      SY      SZ      SXY      SYZ      SXZ
     1 ,      1,           1        1          100,      0,      0,      0,       0,       0
     1 ,      2,           1        1          100,      0,      0,      0,       0,       0
     1 ,      3,           1        1          100,      0,      0,      0,       0,       0
     1 ,      4,           1        1          100,      0,      0,      0,       0,       0
     1 ,      5,           1        1          100,      0,      0,      0,       0,       0
     1 ,      6,           1        1          100,      0,      0,      0,       0,       0
     1 ,      7,           1        1          100,      0,      0,      0,       0,       0
     1 ,      8,           1        1          100,      0,      0,      0,       0,       0

In the following input listing, initial stress loading data is read in from a file. The data is read in during the first load step, and establishes a preliminary deflection corresponding to a tip loaded cantilever beam with a tip load of 100.

/prep7
/title, Example of Initial stress import into ANSYS
et,1,182     
! Plane stress PLANE182 element
mp,ex,1,1.0e9
mp,nuxy,1,0.3
!	
! Define the nodes
!
n,1
n,2,2.0
n,3,4.0
n,4,6.0
n,5,8.0
n,6,10.0
n,7,,1.0
n,8,2.0,1.0
n,9,4.0,1.0
n,10,6.0,1.0
n,11,8.0,1.0
n,12,10.0,1.0
!
! Define the 5 elements
!
e,1,2,8,7
e,2,3,9,8
e,3,4,10,9
e,4,5,11,10
e,5,6,12,11
! Constrain all dofs on all nodes at x=0 to be zero
nsel,s,loc,x,
d,all,all    
nall
finish
!
/solu
! Read in the initial stresses from istress.ist file
! as loading in the 1st load step.
! Input stresses correspond to the element integration
! point location.
!
inistate,read,istress,ist

! List the initial stresses
inistate,list
outres,all,all
solve
finish
!
/post1
set,last
prnsol,u
finish

The INISTATE,WRITE command specifies the coordinate system into which the data is to be written.

4.6.2. Example: Initial Stress Problem Using the INISTATE Command

You can apply constant stresses to all selected elements by issuing a INISTATE,DEFI,ALL command. The INISTATE command can also delete stress from individual elements after the stress is applied. The INISTATE,LIST command lists the applied stresses. The following input listing shows how these commands are used.

solution 
! 
! Apply a constant state of the initial stresses. 
! 
inistate,defi,all,,,,1322.34,2022.21,302.43,4040.32,5076.32,6021.456
! 
! Verify the applied stresses then delete those of element #1 
!  
inistate,list 
inistate,dele, 1
! 
! Set the boundary conditions and then solve 
! 
inistate,list
solve
finish

4.6.3. Example: Initial Strain Problem Using the INISTATE Command

This example initial strain problem is a simple uniaxial test. A displacement of 0.05 is applied to this single element. An additional 0.05 initial strain is applied. The calculated results include the effects of both initial strain field and the applied displacement.

delta = 0.05
ndiv=1

/prep7
 
! Define the material
mp,ex,1,20E3
mp,nuxy,1,0.3
mp,dens,1,7850 ! kg/m3 
et,1,185
 
block,0,1,0,1,0,1
lesize,all,,,ndiv
vmesh,all,all
finish
 
/solu
nsel,s,loc,x
d,all,ux
nsel,s,loc,y
d,all,uy
nsel,s,loc,z
d,all,uz
 
inistate,set,dtyp,epel
inistate,defi,,,,,0.05,
nsel,s,loc,x,1
d,all,ux,delta
allsel,all
solve

/post1
set,last
presol,s
presol,epto
presol,epel
finish

4.6.4. Example: Initial Plastic Strain Problem Using the INISTATE Command

This initial plastic strain example is a simple 3-D problem where the cross section has three layers. An initial plastic strain and stress are applied to one of the layers. One end of the block (shaped like a beam) is fixed and the stresses are allowed to redistribute. The following input listing shows how to apply initial plastic strain to one layer within a cross section and check the redistributed stresses.

     
/prep7

et,1,185,,2,1

keyopt,1,8,1               ! store data for all layers (can be excessive)

mp,   ex, 11, 20.0e6       ! psi (lbf/in^2)
mp, prxy, 11, 0.25         ! unitless
mp,   ex, 12, 20.0e6       ! psi (lbf/in^2)
mp, prxy, 12, 0.25         ! unitless
mp,   ex, 13, 20.0e6       ! psi (lbf/in^2)
mp, prxy, 13, 0.25         ! unitless

! MISO material model

tb,miso,11,,3
tbpt,define,5e-5,1e3
tbpt,define,0.010,1e3
tbpt,define,0.600,1e3

! BISO material model

tb,biso,12,,1
tbdata,define,100,100000
! Plastic material model

tb,plas,13,,7,miso
tbpt,,0.0000,30000
tbpt,,4.00e-3,32000
tbpt,,8.10e-3,33800
tbpt,,1.25e-2,35000
tbpt,,2.18e-2,36500
tbpt,,3.10e-2,38000
tbpt,,4.05e-2,39000

sectype,1,shell,,my3ply    ! 3-ply laminate
secdata, 0.30, 11, , 3     ! 1st layer THICK, MAT, ANG, Int. Pts.
secdata, 0.30, 12, , 3     ! 2nd layer THICK, MAT, ANG, Int. Pts.
secdata, 0.30, 13, , 3     ! 3rd layer THICK, MAT, ANG, Int. Pts.

! align esys with the global system

block,0,1,0,0.1,0,0.1
type,1
secnum,1
esize,0.1
vmesh,1
finish

/solu

antype,static
outres,all,all

! Uniaxial State Initial plastic Strain.

inistate,set,mat,13
inistate,set,dtyp,eppl
inistate,defi,all,all,all,all,0.1,,,
inistate,set,dtyp,pleq
inistate,defi,all,all,all,all,0.1,,,
inistate,set,dtyp,stress
inistate,define,all,all,all,all,1000
inistate,set,dtyp,,

inistate,list,all

nsel,s,loc,x,0
d,all,all,0.0              ! Fix one end
nsel,all
solve
save
finish

/post1

set,last
esel,s,elem,,1

/com -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
/com,  Expected result: You should see newly redistributed stresses and strains in
/com,  all layers
/com -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

layer,1
presol,s,comp
presol,eppl,comp

layer,2
presol,s,comp
presol,eppl,comp

layer,3
presol,s,comp
presol,eppl,comp

finish

4.6.5. Example: Initial Creep Strain Problem Using the INISTATE Command

This initial creep strain example demonstrates how you can use initial creep strain from one analysis, then continue the problem to perform a second step.

In Analysis 1, creep strains are calculated up to TIME = 100 in the first step, and then the analysis is continued up to TIME = 200 in the second step.

In Analysis 2, initial state data generated at TIME = 100 is used as the starting point, and the creep analysis is performed only for TIME = 100 to TIME = 200.

The two analyses generate the same results, validating the use of initial creep strain.

!***************************************************************
! Analysis 1:  Multiple Steps *without* INISTATE
!***************************************************************

! Read the FE Model from the CDB File. FE Model has both Plasticity and Creep Material Models Defined.
/prep7
CDREAD,ALL,geom,cdb


! Perform a two-step sample creep problem
/SOLU
RATE,OFF
/OUT, scratch
TOFFST,273,
TIME,1E-6
AUTOTS,0   
NSUBST,1
KBC,0
SOLVE

! Step 1:  Generate initial state information
RESCONTROL,,2,10
RATE,ON,ON 
TIME,100 !  Reduced time for faster solution run time.
AUTOTS,1   
NSUBST,1000,1000,10
KBC,0    
OUTRES,ALL,10,

inistate,write,1,,,,-1,s
inistate,write,1,,,,-1,eppl
inistate,write,1,,,,-1,pleq
inistate,write,1,,,,-1,epcr
SOLVE
inistate,write,0,,,,-1,s
inistate,write,0,,,,-1,eppl
inistate,write,0,,,,-1,pleq
inistate,write,0,,,,-1,epcr

! Step 2:  Perform Step 2 of the creep problem
TIME,200
SOLVE

FINISH

! Print out the results
/POST26
/OUT
/com -------------------------------------------------------------------------
/com | The deflections in y direction  of nozzle top from continuous solution|
/com -------------------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT,scratch
NSOL,2,453,U,Y,Etype181
/OUT
PRVAR,2
FINISH
/post1
presol,epcr,comp
finish

! Clear the database
/clear


!***************************************************************
! Analysis 2:  Multiple Steps *with* INISTATE
!***************************************************************
! Resume old cdb file
/prep7
CDREAD,ALL,geom,cdb

! Step 1:  Read in INISTATE data with creep strain from the IST 
!     file with rate off and solve
/SOLU
RATE,OFF
/OUT, scratch
TOFFST,273,
TIME,100
AUTOTS,0   
NSUBST,10,10,10
KBC,0
inistate,read,filename ist
SOLVE

! Step 2:  Continue and generate the same results as Analysis 1
RESCONTROL,,2,10
RATE,ON,ON 
TIME,200
AUTOTS,1   
NSUBST,10,100,10
KBC,0    
OUTRES,ALL,10,
pred,off
SOLVE


FINISH

/POST26
/OUT
/com -------------------------------------------------------------------------
/com | The deflections in y direction  of nozzle top from continuous solution|
/com -------------------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT,scratch
NSOL,2,453,U,Y,Etype181
/OUT
PRVAR,2
FINISH
/post1
presol,epcr,comp
finish

4.6.6. Example: Initial Plastic Strain Problem Using INISTATE with State Variables

This initial state example shows how you can use initial state data (as state variables) from one analysis, then continue the problem in a subsequent analysis.

To continue an isotropic hardening plasticity analysis, plastic strain, accumulated equivalent plastic strain, and stress are needed. In this problem, the accumulated equivalent plastic strain is saved from the UserMat routine as state variables, which are then used as initial-state data for the initial accumulated equivalent plastic strain applied in the subsequent analysis.

Analysis 1: Adisplacement of ux = 0.3 is applied in load step 1, unloaded to ux = 0.2 in load step 2, and an additional displacement of ux = 0.2 is applied in load step 3. Initial state data is generated at the end of load step 2. Plastic strain, stress and accumulated equivalent plastic strain are saved in the .ist file.

Analysis 2: The initial state data generated previously is used as the starting point. An additional displacement of 0.2--the difference between the displacement in load step 3 and load step 2 in the prior analysis--is applied in load step 2 in this analysis.

The two analyses generate the same results, validating the use of initial state with state variables.

/filname,tutor-bag06s

/prep7
et,1,185
keyopt,1,3,1

! Define 
tb,user,1,2,4
tbdata,1,19e5, 0.3, 1e4,2000,       ! E, posn, sigy, H
tb,state,mat2,,10
tbdata,1,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0   ! initialize state variables
tbdata,7,0.0                       ! initialize state variables

type,1
real,1
mat,1

sectype,1,shell
secdata, 0.125, 1, 0.0,1
secdata, 0.125, 1, 30.0,1
secdata, 0.125, 1, 60.0,1
secdata, 0.125, 1, 90.0,1

block,0,1,0,1,0,1

esize,0.5
vmesh,all

nsel,s,loc,x,0
d,all,ux
nsel,s,loc,y,0
d,all,uy
nsel,s,loc,z,0
d,all,uz

allsel,all

cdwrite,comb,tutor-bag06s,cdb
finish

/solu

outres,all,all
time,0.5
eresx,no
nsel,s,loc,x,1
d,all,ux,0.03         ! First load step,displacement on x-axis
allsel,all
solve                          

time,1
nsel,s,loc,x,1
d,all,ux,0.02
allsel,all
! Save Plastic Strain, Elastic Strain and State Variables.
inis,write,1,,,,-2,s
inis,write,1,,,,-2,eppl
inis,write,1,,,,-2,svar
solve                          
inis,write,0,,,,-2,s      
inis,write,0,,,,-2,eppl
inis,write,0,,,,-2,svar

time,2
nsel,s,loc,x,1         ! Second load step , displacement on x-axis
d,all,ux,0.04
allsel,all
solve
finish

/post1
/com
/com +**************************************************************
/com    Results fron the  analysis without INIS command
/com ***************************************************************
rsys,solu
set,2
esel,s,elem,,1
etable,epplx_2r,eppl,x
etable,epply_2r,eppl,y
etable,epplz_2r,eppl,z
set,last
etable,epplx_3r,eppl,x
etable,epply_3r,eppl,y
etable,epplz_3r,eppl,z
allsel,all
pretab,epplx_2r,epply_2r,epplz_2r,epplx_3r,epply_3r,epplz_3r
fini

/clear,nostart
/delet,tutor-bag06s,rst
/filname,tutor-bag06s
cdread,comb,tutor-bag06s,cdb

/com ***********************************************************************
/com       Second case: analysis with INISTATE command
/com ***********************************************************************

/solu

outres,all,all

time,0.1

inis,read,tutor-bag06s,ist              ! First load step, reading back initial strain datas

ddele,all,all
nsel,s,loc,x,0
d,all,ux

nsel,s,loc,y,0
d,all,uy
allsel,all
        
nsel,s,loc,x,1                        ! First load step ,no displacement on x-axis
d,all,ux,0.0
allsel,all

inis,set,dtyp
inis,list,1
solve                          

time,2
           
nsel,s,loc,x,1                        ! Second load step , displacement on x-axis
d,all,ux,0.02
allsel,all
solve
finish

/post1
/com
/com ***************************************************************
/com    Results fron the analysis with the INIS command
/com ***************************************************************
rsys,solu
set,1
esel,s,elem,,1
etable,epplx_2r,eppl,x
etable,epply_2r,eppl,y
etable,epplz_2r,eppl,z
set,last
etable,epplx_3r,eppl,x
etable,epply_3r,eppl,y
etable,epplz_3r,eppl,z
allsel,all
pretab,epplx_2r,epply_2r,epplz_2r,epplx_3r,epply_3r,epplz_3r
fini

4.6.7. Example: Node-Based Initial Strain Problem Using the INISTATE Command

This example node-based initial state problem describes how to generate a node-based initial state file from another analysis and then apply that data to a modal analysis.

In step 1, a node-based initial state files is generated. In step 2, the file is read in and a static solution is generated. In step 3, the modal analysis is done.

/prep7
!********** Define the material **********
mp,ex,1,210e9              ! Pa
mp,nuxy,1,.29              ! No units
mp,dens,1,7850             ! kg/m3
et,1,182
rectng,0,10,0,2,
esize,0.5
amesh,all
nsel,s,loc,x
d,all,ux
nsel,s,loc,y,0
d,all,uy
nsel,s,loc,x,10
d,all,ux,0.1
nall
finish

/solu
antype,static
time,1
nsubst,10,10,10
solve                   	   ! Solve for Sample Prestress Loads
fini

/post1
*get,mxnid,node,,num,max
nsel,s,node,,mxnid
prnsol,s,comp
nsel,all,all
*vget,nl,node,,nlist
*vget,sx,node,,s,x
*vget,sy,node,,s,y
*vget,sz,node,,s,z
*cfopen,tutor-bag07s-ist.dat       ! Generate Ist File
*vwrite
('INIS,SET,NODE,1')
*vwrite,nl(1),sx(1),sy(1),sz(1)
('INIS,DEFI,',F4.0,' , , , , ',E,' , ',E,' , ',E,',0.0,0.0,0.0')
*cfclos

/solu
ddele,all,all
d,all,all
nall
antype,static
time,1
nsubst,10,10,10
/inp,tutor-bag07s-ist.dat          ! Read in Node Based IST Data
esel,s,elem,,1,80,5
inis,list
allsel,all
rescontrol,linear,all,1
solve
finish

!********** Perform a perturbed modal analysis **********
/solu
antype,static,restart,,,perturb
perturb,modal,,,nokeep
solve,elform

nsel,s,loc,x
nsel,a,loc,x,10.0
d,all,ux
nsel,s,loc,y,0
d,all,uy
nall
modopt,lanb,5
mxpand,5
solve
fini

/post1
file,,rstp
set,list
fini

Release 16.2 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved.